{"id":1441,"date":"2020-09-18T17:35:45","date_gmt":"2020-09-18T21:35:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ielrblog.com\/?p=1441"},"modified":"2020-09-18T17:35:45","modified_gmt":"2020-09-18T21:35:45","slug":"u-s-secretary-of-state-makes-historic-visit-to-suriname-and-guyana-and-promises-more-law-enforcement-assistance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ielrblog.com\/index.php\/2020\/09\/18\/u-s-secretary-of-state-makes-historic-visit-to-suriname-and-guyana-and-promises-more-law-enforcement-assistance\/","title":{"rendered":"U.S. Secretary of State Makes Historic Visit to Suriname and Guyana and Promises More Law Enforcement Assistance"},"content":{"rendered":"

On September 17-18, 2020, U.S. Secretary of State Michael Pompeo made the first visit to Suriname and Guyana.\u00a0 It coincided with promises that the U.S. would increase its technical assistance with respect to law enforcement and national security issues in both countries.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Suriname<\/em><\/p>\n

With respect to Suriname Secretary Pompeo traveled there on September 17 and met with President Chandrikapersad \u201cChan\u201d \u00a0Santokhi , and key members of his cabinet. Santokhi was elected in July.<\/p>\n

As part of his travel, the State Department issued a statement <\/a>underscoring existing U.S. assistance to combat narcotics trafficking.\u00a0 The statement noted that Suriname participates in various programs funded by the State Department\u2019s Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement (INL) in an effort to stop the use of Suriname as an intermediary jurisdiction for drugs and other contraband.<\/p>\n

The State Department has engaged in training for Suriname\u2019s Port Control Unit, which seized more than 3000 kg. of cocaine in 2019, including a 2,300 kg seizure, one of the largest in Suriname\u2019s history.<\/p>\n

In addition, the U.S. government has committed more than $600,000 towards an anti-money laundering risk assessment, which identifies vulnerabilities in Suriname\u2019s anti-money laundering (AML) regime.\u00a0 The Financial Action Task Force requires a national risk assessment by each country because at both country and financial institution levels \u00a0AML must be conducted on a risk-based assessment (RBA).\u00a0 The RBAs by financial institutions must depend on the national risk assessment.\u00a0 Although Suriname is comparatively small in population and economy, it has a large territory and multiple sources of risks of laundering, such as informal gold mining, narcotics and gold smuggling from Venezuela and other neighboring countries, human trafficking, and the use as casinos in Suriname as a vehicle to launder.<\/p>\n

The State Department has congratulated the fact that Suriname voted in free and fair elections and has apparently shown it wants to take a new direction based on transparency, rule of law, and democracy.\u00a0 To support the new direction, the U.S., in addition to increasing trade and investment, is deepening its security relationship and supporting Suriname\u2019s economic growth.\u00a0 The State Department says it is prepared to help Suriname and its engagement with the international Monetary Fund and other international financial institutions.\u00a0 In early February, it was revealed that $100 million in private citizens\u2019 savings had disappeared from the Central Bank of Suriname (CBvS).[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

The new Surinamese President is a former justice minister and police commissioner.\u00a0 The loser of the election, president Desir\u00e9 \u201cDesi\u201d Bouterse took power through a coup.\u00a0 He has been convicted of narcotics trafficking in the Netherlands and is convicted in Suriname for ordering the execution of political opponents in 1982.[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

The U.S. State Department has recognized that Suriname\u2019s leaders and civil society must establish sustainable models to extract natural resources transparently and safely and use the resources to benefit the Surinamese people.\u00a0 According to the State Department\u2019s press release, U.S. investment in Suriname\u2019s gold sector offers a model.\u00a0 The State Department aims to work with Suriname to combat corruption.<\/p>\n

In a brief press conference<\/a> the two leaders fielded questions mainly concerning potential U.S. political and military pressure on Venezuela and the role of China in the region.<\/p>\n

Guyana<\/em><\/p>\n

On September 17, 2020, Secretary Pompeo also visited Guyana<\/a>. After much controversy over the election of March 2 between incumbent David Granger, and Irfaan Ali, Granger challenged the results for months.\u00a0 Granger eventually relinquished his challenged after the U.S. imposed sanctions on members of Granger\u2019s administration for undermining democracy.[3]<\/a><\/p>\n

The State Department issued a statement<\/a> for the Guyana visit.\u00a0 Pursuant to the Caribbean Basic Security Initiative, the U.S. provides technical assistance to Guyana on law enforcement professionalization, strengthening the rule of law, and combating transnational crime.\u00a0 In particular, the assistance has focused on increased training for crime scene investigators, forensic video analysis, trial advocacy, and the development of a curriculum for continuing education programs for magistrates.\u00a0 The program also focuses on training prosecutors and magistrates on implementing maritime security law.\u00a0 The training has resulted in more criminal prosecutions and convictions and faster adjudications.<\/p>\n

The State Department has assisted in training Guyana\u2019s Port Control Unit to combat the trafficking of cocaine and other illicit goods through Guyana.\u00a0 The U.S. Coast Guard provides training and mentoring to the Maritime Administration Department (MARAD) in order to improve port security.\u00a0 The U.S. military trains the Guyana Defense Forces personnel annually.\u00a0 The training includes a current student at the U.S. Coast Guard Academy.<\/p>\n

After Secretary Pompeo\u2019\u2019s visit, a bilateral Shiprider Agreement will come into force, enabling joint maritime and airspace patrols to interdict narcotics.\u00a0 The U.S. government has recently given $200,000 in equipment and interceptor boat parts to strengthen Guyana\u2019s ability to patrol its territorial waters.<\/p>\n

The U.S. has helped the development of Guyana\u2019s energy sector through technical partnership on best practices for energy sector policy, regulation, and revenue management.\u00a0 The U.S. Department of the Treasury\u2019s Office of Technical Assistance supports training and development within the Guyana Revenue Authority\u2019s Large Taxpayer Division. These recommendations will help Guyana.<\/p>\n

Early in Ali\u2019s administration racial tensions have arisen.\u00a0 On September 6, badly mutilated bodies of two cousins, Isiah and Joel Henry, both black teenagers, were discovered in a field. Thereafter, in an apparent reprisal killing a 17-year-old Indo-Guyanese boy was found chopped and beaten to death.[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

Meanwhile, overhanging the visit are mounting tensions between Venezuela, the neighbor of Guyana and Suriname.\u00a0 Guyana and Venezuela have had a 120-year dispute over their boundary and now the matter is in the International Court of Justice (ICJ).\u00a0 Two years ago Venezuela seized Guyanese ships and disputes jurisdiction of the ICJ.[5]<\/a>\u00a0 The disputed Essequibo area represents about two-thirds of Guyana\u2019s 83,000 square miles.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

In the recent past U.S. initiatives towards the Caribbean have been in response to U.S. national security: in the 1980s the civil wars in Central America, the leftist administration of Maurice Bishop in Grenada, narcotics trafficking; more recently, counter-terrorism, money laundering, and human trafficking.\u00a0 The next issue of the IELR will discuss these developments in more detail.<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dr. Scott MacDonald, Suriname and the Need for Good Governance <\/em>March 10, 2020, CSIS, https:\/\/www.csis.org\/analysis\/suriname-and-need-good-governance<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jacqueline Charles, Pompeo makes history as first U.S. secretary of state to visit Suriname and Guyana<\/em>, Miami Herald, Sept. 16, 2020.\u00a0 With Pompeo trip, oil boom raises focus on Guyana, Suriname<\/em>, France24, Sept. 17, 2020.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 With Pompeo trip, oil boom raises focus on Guyana, Suriname, supra.<\/em><\/p>\n

[4]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Charles, supra.<\/em><\/p>\n

[5]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Molly Quell, Border Dispute Between Guyana, Venezuela Hits UN Court<\/em>, Courthouse News Service, June 30, 2020.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Charles, supra.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

On September 17-18, 2020, U.S. Secretary of State Michael Pompeo made the first visit to Suriname and Guyana.\u00a0 It coincided with promises that the U.S. would increase its technical assistance with respect to law enforcement and national security issues in both countries. \u00a0\u00a0 Suriname With respect to Suriname Secretary Pompeo traveled there on September 17 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