{"id":1752,"date":"2021-09-23T11:41:25","date_gmt":"2021-09-23T15:41:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ielrblog.com\/?p=1752"},"modified":"2021-09-23T12:23:52","modified_gmt":"2021-09-23T16:23:52","slug":"u-s-sanctions-russian-owned-crypto-exchange-for-ransomware-activities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ielrblog.com\/index.php\/2021\/09\/23\/u-s-sanctions-russian-owned-crypto-exchange-for-ransomware-activities\/","title":{"rendered":"U.S. Sanctions Russian-Owned Crypto-Exchange for Ransomware Activities"},"content":{"rendered":"

On September 21, 2021, the U.S. Treasury\u2019s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) sanctioned the first virtual currency exchange for laundering cyber ransoms<\/a> and updated its ransomware advisory to encourage reporting of incident and ransomware payment to both Treasury and law enforcement.<\/p>\n

Rationale for Designating Virtual Currency Exchanges<\/em><\/p>\n

OFAC explained that some virtual currency exchanges play a critical role in the ransomware ecosystem, since virtual currency is the main way of facilitating ransomware payments and associated money laundering activities.\u00a0 In this regard, the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) has issued guidance concerning the application of the Bank Secrecy Act rules in this area in 2013<\/a> and 2019<\/a>.\u00a0 FinCEN has also taken enforcement action against non-compliant virtual currency money transmitters facilitating ransomware payments.\u00a0 In 2017, it acted against BTC-e<\/a> and in 2020 against the virtual currency mixing service Helix<\/a>.<\/p>\n

FinCEN is especially targeting “nested” exchanges, such as SUEX, that piggyback off large crypto platforms; peer-to-peer platforms that permit direct confidential transactions between parties; and mixers, whose exchange services make tracking transactions more difficult.\u00a0 Virtual currencies facilitate illicit activities for their own profits.\u00a0 Treasury will continue to employ its authorities against malicious cyber actors in cooperation with other U.S. law enforcement agencies, as well as with its foreign partners.\u00a0 The goal is to disrupt financial nodes connected to ransomware payments and cyber-attacks.<\/p>\n

Designation of SUEX<\/em><\/p>\n

SUEX OTC, S.R.O. (SUEX), a virtual currency exchange, is designated due to its facilitation of financial transactions for ransomware actors.\u00a0 SUEX has alleged facilitated transactions involving illicit proceeds from at least eight ransomware variants.\u00a0 Over 40% of SUEX\u2019s known transaction history is with illicit actors.\u00a0 OFAC is designating SUEX pursuant to Executive Order 13694, as amended, for providing material support to the threat posed by criminal ransomware actors.<\/p>\n

SUEX is believed to have facilitated ransomware attacks, which help fund additional cybercriminal activity.\u00a0 Treasury has promised to continue to disrupt and hold accountable entities, such as SUEX, to reduce the incentive for cybercriminals to continue to conduct these attacks.<\/p>\n

The designation of SUEX is the first sanctions designation against a virtual currency exchange.\u00a0 The Federal Bureau of Investigation assisted in the designation.<\/p>\n

Sanctions Implications<\/em><\/p>\n

The designation of SUEX means that all property and interests in property of SUEX that are subject to U.S. jurisdiction are blocked.\u00a0 U.S. persons are generally prohibited from engaging in transactions with them.\u00a0 In addition, any entities 50% or more owned by one or more designated persons are also blocked.\u00a0 Additionally, financial institutions and other persons that engage in certain transactions or activities with the sanctioned entities and individuals can expose themselves to sanctions and\/or enforcement actions, especially for money laundering.<\/p>\n

OFAC Updates Advisory on Potential Sanctions Risks for Facilitating Ransomware Payments.<\/em><\/p>\n

OFAC issued an Updated Advisory on Potential Sanctions Risks for Facilitating Ransomware Payments<\/a>.\u00a0 The Advisory underscores that the U.S. government continues to strongly discourage the payment of cyber ransom or extortion demands.\u00a0 It recognizes the importance of cyber hygiene in preventing or mitigating such attacks.<\/p>\n

The updated advisory underscores the importance of improving cybersecurity practices and reporting to, and cooperating with, appropriate U.S. government agencies in the event of a ransomware attack. The reporting is critical for U.S. government agencies, including law enforcement, to understand and counter ransomware attacks and malicious cyber actors.\u00a0 For instance, law enforcement has knowledge of payment right after it occurs, it can more easily trace and seize the money.<\/p>\n

International Cooperation on AML\/CFT Measures for Virtual Currencies and Service Providers<\/em><\/p>\n

The international cooperation against ransomware is quite dynamic.\u00a0 The G7 heads of state agreed to act and had statements in the communique after their June meeting in England.\u00a0 They committed to cooperate to urgently address the increasing threat from criminal ransomware networks.\u00a0 The G7 Expert Group (CEG), co-chaired by the U.S. treasury and the Bank of England, met on September 1 and September 14, 2021, to discuss ransomware.\u00a0 They explored ways to improve overall security and resilience against malicious cyber activity.\u00a0 At the September 8-9 meeting of the G7 ministers of security and INTERPOL, the participants agreed to hold an Extraordinary Senior Officials Forum on ransomware by the end of 2021.<\/p>\n

In June 2019, the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) revised its standards to require all countries to regulate and supervise virtual asset service providers (VASPs<\/a>), including exchanges, and to mitigate against such risks when engaging in virtual asset transactions.\u00a0 For instance, countries must impose customer due diligence (CDD) requirements and suspicious transaction reporting obligations across Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs).\u00a0 The due diligence will inhibit cybercriminals\u2019 exploitation of virtual assets and support investigations into the illicit finance activities.<\/p>\n

Analysis<\/em><\/p>\n

The designation of SUEX is likely the first of a series of designations by the U.S. and G7 countries of virtual currency exchanges and platforms deemed to be servicing ransomware attacks.\u00a0 Meanwhile, the G7, G20, and FATF continue to strengthen the standards for applying AML\/CFT and financial regulation to crypto-assets.<\/p>\n

VASPs and crypto platforms will want to review with an eye to upgrading their AML\/CFT due diligence standards as the regulatory requirements will continue to be dynamic.<\/p>\n

The next issue of the IELR will have a more comprehensive discussion of this matter.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

On September 21, 2021, the U.S. Treasury\u2019s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) sanctioned the first virtual currency exchange for laundering cyber ransoms and updated its ransomware advisory to encourage reporting of incident and ransomware payment to both Treasury and law enforcement. Rationale for Designating Virtual Currency Exchanges OFAC explained that some virtual currency exchanges […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[33,45,6,18,98,164,35,43,4,80,233],"tags":[266],"class_list":{"0":"post-1752","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-cybercrime","7":"category-cybercrime-and-cryptocurrency","8":"category-economic-sanctions","9":"category-entity-transparency","10":"category-extraterritorial-jurisdiction","11":"category-financial-intelligence","12":"category-institutional-cooperation","13":"category-international-regimes","14":"category-money-laundering-and-bank-secrecy","15":"category-national-security","16":"category-ransomware","17":"tag-suex-otc","18":"entry"},"yoast_head":"\nU.S. Sanctions Russian-Owned Crypto-Exchange for Ransomware Activities | IELR Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ielrblog.com\/index.php\/2021\/09\/23\/u-s-sanctions-russian-owned-crypto-exchange-for-ransomware-activities\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"U.S. Sanctions Russian-Owned Crypto-Exchange for Ransomware Activities | IELR Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"On September 21, 2021, the U.S. Treasury\u2019s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) sanctioned the first virtual currency exchange for laundering cyber ransoms and updated its ransomware advisory to encourage reporting of incident and ransomware payment to both Treasury and law enforcement. 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