{"id":277,"date":"2017-10-27T18:53:35","date_gmt":"2017-10-27T18:53:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ielrblog.com\/?p=277"},"modified":"2017-10-27T19:01:15","modified_gmt":"2017-10-27T19:01:15","slug":"burundi-becomes-first-nation-withdraw-international-criminal-court","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ielrblog.com\/index.php\/2017\/10\/27\/burundi-becomes-first-nation-withdraw-international-criminal-court\/","title":{"rendered":"Burundi Becomes First Nation to Withdraw From the International Criminal Court"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"width: 470px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cdn.cnn.com\/cnnnext\/dam\/assets\/150505203247-president-nkurunziza-large-169.jpg?resize=460%2C259&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"460\" height=\"259\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Burundi President Pierre Nkurunziza |Source: CNN<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>On Friday, Burundi officially withdrew from the International Criminal Court (ICC), an ICC spokesperson has <a href=\"https:\/\/eeas.europa.eu\/headquarters\/headquarters-homepage\/34697\/statement-spokesperson-burundi-and-international-criminal-court_en\">confirmed<\/a>. Last October, Burundian President Pierre Nkurunziza signed a <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/BdiPresidence\/status\/788405095444668416\">decree<\/a> to withdraw the country from the Rome Statute, the treaty that established the International Criminal Court\u2019s (ICC) structure and jurisdiction. That withdrawal takes effect today. The small east African nation is the first country to ever withdraw from the court, which was established in 1998 to try high-level war crimes and other crimes against humanity, such as genocide.<\/p>\n<p><em>2015 Political Violence Triggers ICC Investigation into Nkurunziza\u2019s Administration <\/em><\/p>\n<p>President Nkurunziza\u2019s decision comes amidst increased scrutiny of his administration from the court following a period of political violence in Burundi. The violence began in April 2015, after Nkurunziza announced his decision to run for a third presidential term. \u00a0His announcement triggered a failed military coup, widespread protests, and a fierce and violent crackdown on the opposition that has left more than 430 people dead. According to the U.N. Refugee Agency, <a href=\"http:\/\/data2.unhcr.org\/en\/situations\/burundi\">more than 300,000 Burundians<\/a> have fled the country since the protests began. Most have sought refuge in neighboring Tanzania and Rwanda.<\/p>\n<p>In April 2016, the ICC\u2019s chief prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.icc-cpi.int\/Pages\/item.aspx?name=otp-stat-25-04-2016\">announced<\/a> that she was launching a preliminary investigation into the situation in Burundi. \u201cMy Office has reviewed a number of communications and reports detailing acts of killing, imprisonment, torture, rape and other forms of sexual violence, as well as cases of enforced disappearances,\u201d Bensouda stated. \u00a0\u201cAll these acts appear to fall within the jurisdiction of the ICC.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em>Will Other States Follow Suit?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Burundi is accusing the ICC of being biased against African states. This allegation is not novel; in February 2017, the African Union made headlines by passing a non-binding resolution calling for the withdrawal of its member states from the ICC. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/supporting_resources\/icc_withdrawal_strategy_jan._2017.pdf\">resolution<\/a> cited the \u201csystemic disadvantage\u201d that African nations face before the court as grounds for the withdrawal. To date, four out of ten of the court\u2019s preliminary examinations and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.icc-cpi.int\/cases#Default=%7B%22k%22%3A%22%22%2C%22s%22%3A11%7D\">nine out of ten<\/a> of the cases that advanced to the full investigation stage have involved African states. In addition, all of the individuals brought to trial before the ICC have been African. Bensouda has <a href=\"http:\/\/www.latimes.com\/world\/africa\/la-fg-icc-africa-snap-story.html\">previously pointed out<\/a>, however, that in six of the nine Africa-based cases under full investigation, the court intervened at the request of the country involved.<\/p>\n<p>The African Union\u2019s resolution, however, proved unsuccessful. Of the 55 member states, only Burundi, South Africa, and Gambia announced an intention to withdraw from the ICC, and Sudan and Gambia later retracted their pledges.<\/p>\n<p>It remains to be seen whether Burundi\u2019s withdrawal will inspire other African states under international scrutiny to do the same. The African continent\u2019s attitude towards the ICC is by no means monolithic \u2013 several African countries, among them <a href=\"http:\/\/saharareporters.com\/2017\/02\/05\/nigerian-and-senegal-must-be-commended-not-withdrawing-icc\">Nigeria<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/saharareporters.com\/2017\/02\/05\/nigerian-and-senegal-must-be-commended-not-withdrawing-icc\">Senegal<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dailymaverick.co.za\/article\/2016-10-26-botswana-reaffirms-support-for-icc-regrets-sa-decision\/#.WfN822hSyUl\">Botswana<\/a>, either rejected the African Union\u2019s \u201ccollective withdrawal\u201d resolution outright or later expressed regret at their fellow member states\u2019 decisions to withdraw.<\/p>\n<p>Nonetheless, the perception held by many that the ICC disproportionately targets Africans and undermines African states\u2019 sovereignty undercuts the court\u2019s legitimacy. As an international body, the court lacks an enforcement mechanism; instead, it <a href=\"https:\/\/www.icc-cpi.int\/iccdocs\/PIDS\/publications\/UICCEng.pdf\">relies on its member states<\/a> to execute warrants of arrest. If African states perceive bias against them in the court\u2019s investigations, they will be less likely to fulfill their \u201cduty to cooperate\u201d per the Rome Statute. \u00a0In short, the ICC has an image problem \u2013 and that problem in turn impairs the international court\u2019s ability to dispense justice.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; On Friday, Burundi officially withdrew from the International Criminal Court (ICC), an ICC spokesperson has confirmed. Last October, Burundian President Pierre Nkurunziza signed a decree to withdraw the country from the Rome Statute, the treaty that established the International Criminal Court\u2019s (ICC) structure and jurisdiction. That withdrawal takes effect [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-277","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-international-criminal-court","7":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Burundi Becomes First Nation to Withdraw From the International Criminal Court | IELR Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ielrblog.com\/index.php\/2017\/10\/27\/burundi-becomes-first-nation-withdraw-international-criminal-court\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Burundi Becomes First Nation to Withdraw From the International Criminal Court | IELR Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; On Friday, Burundi officially withdrew from the International Criminal Court (ICC), an ICC spokesperson has confirmed. 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