{"id":573,"date":"2018-06-28T15:46:42","date_gmt":"2018-06-28T15:46:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ielrblog.com\/?p=573"},"modified":"2018-06-28T15:46:42","modified_gmt":"2018-06-28T15:46:42","slug":"the-answer-to-the-travel-ban-debate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ielrblog.com\/index.php\/2018\/06\/28\/the-answer-to-the-travel-ban-debate\/","title":{"rendered":"The Answer to the Travel Ban Debate"},"content":{"rendered":"

On June 26, 2018, the United States Supreme Court ended the great debate by ruling that President Trump\u2019s travel ban is constitutional and within his power to implement.[1]<\/a>\u00a0 In September 2017, President Trump issued Proclamation No. 9645 after the first two versions of the travel ban were ruled unconstitutional for multiple reasons, most importantly being racial discrimination.\u00a0 Speculation is mounting as to the effects this decision will have on U.S. national security and foreign policy.<\/p>\n

The Decision <\/em><\/p>\n

The current version suspends entry from certain individuals from Iran, Libya, North Korea, Somalia, Syria, Venezuela, and Yemen.[2]<\/a>\u00a0 Each country has varying degrees of suspension, meaning some countries are banned as immigrants and nonimmigrants, while others are just banned as immigrants but with multiple exceptions.[3]<\/a><\/p>\n

In a 5-4 decision, Chief Justice Roberts reasoned that the President lawfully exercised his power under \u00a71182(f) of the Aliens and Nationality Act because the act conveys a large degree of deference to the President in such matters.\u00a0 It gives the President the power to decide whether and when to suspend entry whenever he finds that the entry of aliens would be detrimental to the national interest.[4]<\/a>\u00a0 In addressing the plaintiff\u2019s racial animus argument, the majority stated that the issue they dealt with was the significance of the President\u2019s alleged racial statements in reviewing a Presidential directive, neutral on its face, addressing a matter within the core of executive responsibility.[5]<\/a>\u00a0 The majority held that there is persuasive evidence that the ban has a legitimate grounding in national security concerns, apart from any religious hostility, and is therefore justified.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

The Implications<\/em><\/p>\n

The U.S. judiciary already grants the U.S. government a large degree of deference in national security matters, but that appears to have increased even more.\u00a0 The case sets the precedent that public and political statements made by the President shall not outweigh the language and structure of the proclamation itself.\u00a0 While this principle exemplifies the judiciary\u2019s responsibility to remain politically neutral, it could have national security and foreign policy ramifications.[7]<\/a>\u00a0 According to an amicus brief approved by 26 retired generals and admirals, the ban harms U.S. national security because it perpetuates hostility towards Muslims and Muslim majority countries.[8]<\/a>\u00a0 It could help increase anti-U.S. propaganda by terrorists within the countries on the list and undermine relationships with locals.[9]<\/a>\u00a0 Former national security and foreign policy officials wrote a separate amicus brief stating that the government has failed to produce any national security reason for the ban.[10]<\/a>\u00a0 The U.S. Supreme Court disagreed, as Congress designated these countries as posing national security threats in the past.[11]<\/a><\/p>\n

A major issue that has yet to be fully addressed is the impact this decision will have on refugees attempting to enter the U.S.\u00a0 Under the U.N. Convention and Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, signatory countries cannot turn away refugees who have a legitimate fear of persecution within their home country.\u00a0 According to Chris Boian, a spokesman for the U.N. refugee agency in the U.S., \u201crefugees will still be admitted under the vigorous vetting requirements,\u201d including those from countries on the travel ban list.[12]<\/a>\u00a0 So the decision itself will not affect the inflow of refugees, but combining it with the reduction in the number of refugees the U.S. will accept, the backlog of refugee cases, and the four month suspension of the U.S. refugee program, it appears there could be a moderate to severe effect.<\/p>\n

Going Forward<\/em><\/p>\n

Attorney General Jeff Sessions stated that this decision will allow the current President, and future ones, to protect the American people.[13]<\/a>\u00a0 Given the amount of deference granted to the President in matters such as this, the Attorney General\u2019s statement appears true.\u00a0 But Justice Sotomayor foresees a darker result.\u00a0 In her dissent she equated this decision to the decision in Korematsu to detain Japanese-American citizens during WWII, implying that the amount of deference provides Presidents with ways to enact morally repugnant acts such as Korematsu.[14]<\/a>\u00a0 The exact effects remain to be seen, but this decision will either be celebrated in years to come, or haunt the U.S. Supreme Court.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Trump v. Hawaii, No. 17-965, 2018 WL 3116337, slip op. at 2 (U.S. June 26, 2018).<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Griffiths, What it\u2019s Like in the 7 Countries on Trump\u2019s Travel Ban List<\/em>, CNN Politics (June 27, 2018 6:32 A.M.) https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2018\/06\/27\/politics\/trump-travel-ban-countries-intl\/index.html.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Id.<\/em><\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Slip op. at 9.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Id.<\/em> at 3.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> Id.<\/em> at 22.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> Stottlemyer, Ex-Military, Intelligence, and Foreign Policy Officials: Travel Ban Harms National Security<\/em>, JUST SECURITY (Apr. 4, 2018) https:\/\/www.justsecurity.org\/54506\/ex-military-intelligence-foreign-policy-officials-travel-ban-harms-national-security\/.<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> Id.<\/em><\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> Id.<\/em><\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> Id.<\/em><\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> Trump v. Hawaii, No. 17-965, 2018 WL 3116337, slip op. at 3 (U.S. June 26, 2018).<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> Amman, Supreme Court\u2019s Nod to Travel Ban Heightens Refugee Worries<\/em>, abcNEWS (June 27, 2018, 12:06 P.M.) https:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/International\/wireStory\/supreme-court-nod-travel-ban-crushes-syria-refugees-56197209.<\/p>\n

[13]<\/a> Stohr, Supreme Court Upholds Trump Travel Ban, Giving President Win on Signature Issue<\/em>, Bloomberg (June 26, 2018, 10:17 A.M.) https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2018-06-26\/trump-travel-ban-upheld-by-u-s-supreme-court-jivrzei4.<\/p>\n

[14]<\/a> Id.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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